BY MIMI WHITEFIELD
mwhitefield@herald.com

The bitter political differences between Cuba and the Czech Republic intensified Monday as Czech Deputy Foreign Minister Hynek Kmonicek presented a protest note to Cuba's top diplomat in Prague demanding the immediate release of two prominent Czech citizens detained in Cuba and an explanation for their arrest.

The detention of the two, a Czech politician and a former dissident student leader, while on a private visit in Cuba is a telling indication of how rocky the relationship between Havana and Prague has grown as the countries pursue different political paths.

Ivan Pilip, a deputy in the Czech Parliament's lower house and a former finance and education minister, and Jan Bubenik, who was a student leader during the 1989 Velvet Revolution and is a former deputy, were arrested Friday after a meeting with two Cuban dissidents in Ciego de Avila, about 185 miles southeast of Havana.

Their alleged crime: ``violating the rules governing foreigners'' who visit Cuba.

In Prague, the Czech government said it would take all steps within accepted international standards to secure the men's release.

``This is not a standard situation,'' said Petr Janousek, press attaché at the Czech embassy in Washington.

The embassy, he said, was monitoring the situation but is not actively involved in any negotiations.

The incident is unusual because foreigners who run afoul of Cuban authorities generally are briefly detained and then deported.

NO SIMILAR CASES

``I don't recall a similar case,'' said Frank Calzón, executive director of the Center for a Free Cuba.

However, he pointed out that foreign diplomats whose views run counter to Cuban government ideology are often harassed, tailed when they visit dissidents or menaced by tire slashings.

``The bottom line is, people in Cuba are detained for doing things that are not considered a crime in almost any country.

``They have so many things in the books that they can always find an excuse to detain people,'' Calzón said.

The detention ``is not in accordance with the principles which the Czech Republic as well as other democracies stand for,'' the Czech Foreign Ministry said in a press release.

The ministry said it has had great difficulty getting official information from Havana and that the men were not allowed to contact the Czech mission in Havana until Saturday -- despite their pleas to do so.

PRIVATE VISIT

At the time they were arrested, Pilip and Bubenik were on a private visit to Cuba that was expected to end this week.

Pilip -- co-founder of the Freedom Union, a political party -- has been a member of the Czech Parliament since 1998. He served as finance minister in 1997-98 and was education minister from 1994 until 1997.

Trained as an economist, he also was a researcher at the Institute of Sociology of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and the Prague School of Economics.

Bubenik was a student leader and spokesman during the Velvet Revolution while in medical school.

At the age of 21, he was elected as the youngest member of the first post-Communist parliament in the old Czechoslovakia in 1990. He served until 1992.

Now an employee of Korn/Ferry Consulting in Prague, he created his own nongovernment public organization, or NGO, Spolecnot 89, to organize events celebrating the 10-year anniversary of the collapse of the Soviet bloc.

DOWNWARD SPIRAL

By the time Bubenik began serving in parliament, relations between Czechoslovakia and Cuba were already on a downward spiral.

For years, the Cuban Interests Section in Washington technically operated as a part of the Czechoslovak Embassy because the United States and Cuba don't have diplomatic relations.

But Freedom House and the Cuban-American National Foundation lobbied the government of President Vaclav Havel to drop the representation as a symbolic gesture, and in December 1990, Havel's government announced the relationship was over.

CRUCIAL CRITIQUE

Last April, after the Czech Republic and Poland, with support from the United States, co-sponsored a resolution criticizing Cuba's human rights record that was approved by the U.N. Human Rights Commission in Geneva, the Cuban government organized a massive protest march past the Czech Embassy in Havana.

The next day Cuban officials accused Czech diplomats of passing cash, computers, propaganda and other supplies from anti-Castro groups in Florida to Cuban dissidents.

A Czech foreign ministry spokesman called the allegations ``total nonsense.''

The accusations remain a sore point between the two countries.

But Antonio Femenías, a dissident journalist, said he and Roberto Valdivia, the other Ciego de Avila dissident and a member of the Cuban Committee for Human Rights, only talked with the Czechs.

``There was absolutely nothing offered. They talked about the situation in the country, about the socialist camp, and about perspectives,'' he said.

Femenías and Valdivia were briefly detained and then released.

After Pilip and Bubenik were detained they were transferred to Havana, where they were in the custody of police who deal with foreigners.

`INCREASING FEAR'